LE-+Grades+9-12


 * Grades 9 - 12**

The information literacy skills delineated for this age group further develop the skills from earlier stages, but are more in depth and focus more on student independence. As they prepare to go to college, the world of work and beyond, students should be critical thinkers and independent information users. They must be able to ask relevant questions to answer a broader question and be familiar with the range of information sources available to them. In addition, they need to be able to recognize authority, bias, opinion, and relevance, regardless of the type of information source. They must know how to develop a search strategy and be able to change the strategy if it isn’t working. They understand both the possibilities and the limitations of various internet-based resources. They know how to use information ethically, and are able to work both individually and collaboratively.

By the end of twelfth grade, students will continue to work on previous standards as necessary and will also be able to: Students will be able to define problems competently and identify the needed information. ||  || 1.18 Independently select a topic. 1.19 Develop an essential question to answer. 1.20 Skim/read all sources to provide background information and generate subsidiary questions. 1.21 Develop a thesis statement, demonstrating a particular point of view. || Students will be able to develop strategies to find information relevant to their question or personal need. ||  || 2.18 Use a strategy for finding relevant information from a variety of resources, shifting the strategy as necessary, based on availability and relevance. 2.19 Assess the value of various types of electronic resources for data gathering, including databases, internet sites, e-books, community and government resources. 2.20 Independently develop keywords and phrases to search for information. 2.21 Use information sources of all types to explore a topic. 2.22 Narrow or expand a topic based on preliminary searching. 2.23 Select primary and secondary sources as appropriate. || Students will be able to access and gather information efficiently and effectively. ||  || 3.13 Independently develop and implement an information search strategy. 3.14 Select the best sources for the information need. || Students will be able to: ||  || **4a. Evaluation for Appropriateness** 4.6 Practice independent critical thinking when reviewing a potential information source by: * distinguishing between verifiable facts and opinion detecting bias.
 * **Standard 1. Define an Information Task.**
 * **Standard 2. Develop Information Seeking Strategies.**
 * **Standard 3. Locate and Access Information.**
 * **Standard 4. Use Information**

**4b. Extraction of Most Relevant Information** 4.17 Gather information to support a point of view in persuasive writing.
 * identifying the purpose distinguishing between relevant and irrelevant information recognizing inconsistencies or false claims.

4.24 Demonstrate legal and ethical behaviors among peers, family and community regarding the use of technology and information. 4.25 Demonstrate understanding of copyright law. || Students will organize new information from multiple sources to construct a product thatcommunicates the results of their research. ||  || 5.10 Consider the purpose and audience for the product and/or presentation. 5.11 Select an appropriate media format to communicate new understandings and newknowledge.. 5.12 Create a storyboard, script, layout or rough draft of research notes. 5.13 Use appropriate editing, dictionary and thesaurus tools to produce a polished, original product that clearly communicates research results. || Students participate effectively in groups to pursue and generate information. ||  || 6.15 Integrate their own knowledge and information with that of others in the group. 6.16 Actively listen to and respectfully respond to the point of view of others. 6.17 Collaborate with others to lead, facilitate, negotiate and otherwise participate in defining the information needs of a group. 6.18 Participate actively in group discussions to devise solutions to information problems that integrate group members’ information and ideas. 6.19 Work to move the group to consensus after substantive conversations and sharing of information and ideas among all the members of the group. 6.20 Help organize and integrate the contributions of all the members of the group into information products. 6.21 Work with others to create and evaluate complex information products that integrate information in a variety of formats. 6.22 Participate effectively as a member of a group in evaluating the content and delivery of its work and the effectiveness of the group’s work habits. || Students will evaluate both the research process and the final product. This may include both self and peer evaluation. ||  || 7.11 Voluntarily apply legal principles and ethical conduct related to information technology such as: copyright, plagiarism, privacy, online etiquette, acceptable use of resources. || Students will gain an increased enjoyment of literature and grow in their abilities to locate and select appropriate reading materials independently. ||  || 8.20 Identify award-winning books, their selection criteria, and attributes. 8.21 Perform preliminary research to enhance appreciation of literature. 8-22 Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics of the different literary genres, including: fantasy, folklore, poetry, drama, biography, short stories, science fiction, historical fiction, realistic fiction, humor, etc. || **Massachusetts Technology Literacy Standards ** **Grades 9 through 12 – Technology Standards and Expectations **  Throughout high school, as students take courses to prepare themselves for college and the world of work, they should acquire increasingly sophisticated technology skills. Depending on the pathways and courses they choose to take, high school students will become more adept with certain technology tools than others. Moreover, as the curriculum demands more complicated learning tasks, students will discover advanced capabilities in tools such as database and spreadsheet applications.
 * 4c. Ethical Behavior in Information Use**
 * **Standard 5. Synthesize Information**
 * **Standard 6. Participate in Collaborative Activities**
 * **Standard 7. Evaluate the Process and the Product**
 * **Standard 8. Appreciate Literature**

Starting in high school, students are selecting specific courses to prepare themselves for college and/or entry into the world of work. To accommodate the needs of high school students and teachers better, this publication lists technology skills for all the high school years together, rather than listing the skills by individual grade levels. Teachers should integrate the appropriate technology skills into their courses to help their students learn those subject areas and/or prepare for those careers.

During high school, students should have the opportunity to use more specialized technology tools that enhance their learning. These might include simulation software, geographic information systems, computer-aided design software, or any of a wide variety of content-specific tools. In addition, students should have the opportunity to learn how to write code in a commonly used programming language.

By the completion of high school, students should have developed an appreciation for the capabilities and capacities of technology, as well as an understanding of how these tools can be used for lifelong learning. In addition, students should be knowledgeable about the role technology plays in various fields of work, enabling them to better plan for their careers in the 21st century. ** Demonstrate proficiency in the use of computers and applications, as well as an understanding of the concepts underlying hardware, software, and connectivity. ** ||  || **__BasicOperations__** G9-12: 1.1 Identify the platform, version, properties, function, and interoperability of computing devices including a wide range of devices that compute and/or manage digital media. G9-12: 1.2 Use online help and other support to learn about features of hardware and software, as well as to assess and resolve problems. G9-12: 1.3 Install and uninstall software; compress and expand files (if the district allows it). G9-12: 1.4 Explain effective backup and recovery strategies. G9-12: 1.5 Explain criteria for evaluating hardware and software appropriate for a given task (e.g., features, versions, capacity). G9-12: 1.6 Demonstrate keyboarding techniques, including the use of keyboard shortcuts, to complete assignments efficiently and accurately. (For students with disabilities, demonstrate alternate input techniques as appropriate.) G9-12: 1.7 Identify and assess the capabilities and limitations of emerging technologies. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Word Processing/ Desktop Publishing__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.8 Apply advanced formatting and page layout features when appropriate (e.g., columns, templates, and styles) to improve the appearance of documents and materials. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.9 Use editing features appropriately (e.g., track changes, insert comments). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.10 Identify the use of word processing and desktop publishing skills in various careers. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Database__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.11 Explain the importance of designing the structure of a database to meet its intended goals. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.12 Duplicate the structure of a database without data. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.13 Save database files in various formats. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.14 Manipulate non-alphanumeric digital data (e.g., geospatial data from MassGIS, images, audio) within a database. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.15 Define the term “metadata,” and explain how metadata describes the structure and workings of an organization's use of information. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.16 Use database features to create mailing labels, form letters, and perform mail merges. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 1.17 Identify the use of database skills in various careers. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Spreadsheet__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.18 Define and use functions of a spreadsheet application (e.g., sort, filter, find). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.19 Enter formulas and functions; use the auto-fill feature in a spreadsheet application. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.20 Explain and use advanced formatting features of a spreadsheet application (e.g., reposition columns and rows, add and name worksheets). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.21 Differentiate between formulas with absolute and relative cell references. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.22 Use multiple sheets within a workbook, and create links among worksheets to solve problems. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.23 Import and export data between spreadsheets and other applications. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.24 Create and use pivot tables. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.25 Explain how various formatting options are used to convey information in charts or graphs. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.26 Identify the use of spreadsheet skills in various careers. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Internet, Networking, and Online Communication__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.27 Use search engines and online directories. Explain the differences among various search engines and how they rank results. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.28 Explain and demonstrate effective search strategies for locating and retrieving electronic information (e.g., using syntax and Boolean logic operators). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.29 Describe good practices for password protection and authentication. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.30 Demonstrate a basic understanding of addressing schemes (e.g., IP addresses, DHCP, DNS). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 1.31 Identify career options in network technologies. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__ Multimedia __** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.32 Identify technology tools (e.g., authoring tools) that can be used to create a multimedia product. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.33 Use a variety of applications to plan, create, and edit multimedia products (e.g., slide presentations, videos, animations, simulations, podcasts). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.34 Link information residing in different applications (e.g., linking a chart in a word-processing document to the spreadsheet where it was created). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 1.35 Identify career options in multimedia and software development. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Web Authoring__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.36 Distinguish between effective and ineffective Web site designs; explain the reasons. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.37 Explain terminology related to Web page authoring (e.g., HTML, URL, links, browsers, plug-ins, Web servers). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.38 Use HTML or Web-authoring tools to create, edit, and publish well organized Web sites with effective navigation. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.39 Explain basic practices that contribute to a Web site's accessibility to people with disabilities (e.g., using alternative text, captioning, consistent structure). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.40 Explain how to test and debug Web files for quality assurance. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 1.41 Identify career options in Web design, development, and management || <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Demonstrate the responsible use of technology and an understanding of ethics and safety issues in using electronic media at home, in school, and in society. ** ||  || <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">__**Ethics**__ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.1 Demonstrate compliance with the school’s Acceptable Use Policy. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.2 Explain issues related to the responsible use of technology (e.g., privacy, security). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.3 Explain laws restricting the use of copyrighted materials. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.4 Identify examples of plagiarism, and discuss the possible consequences of plagiarizing the work of others. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.5 Write correct in-text citations and reference lists for text and images gathered from electronic sources. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.6 Give examples of the appropriate and responsible use of communication tools (e.g., chats, instant messaging, blogs, wikis). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 2.7 Discuss misuse of technology for personal and commercial reasons (e.g., software piracy, unauthorized file sharing/downloading, virus spreading, and hacking); explain possible consequences. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Society__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.8 Design and implement a personal learning plan that includes the use of technology to support lifelong learning goals. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.9 Evaluate the authenticity, accuracy, appropriateness, and bias of electronic resources, including Web sites. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.10 Analyze the values and points of view that are presented in media messages. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.11 Describe devices, applications, and operating system features that offer accessibility for people with disabilities. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**__Health and Safety__** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.12 Evaluate school and work environments in terms of ergonomic practices. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.13 Describe and use safe and appropriate practices when participating in online communities (e.g., discussion groups, blogs, social networking sites). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 2.14 Explain and use practices to protect one's personal safety online (e.g., not sharing personal information with strangers, being alert for online predators, reporting suspicious activities). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 2.15 Explain ways individuals can protect their technology systems and information from unethical users. || <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Demonstrate the ability to use technology for research, critical thinking, problem solving, decision making, communication, collaboration, creativity, and innovation. ** ||  || **__Research__** G9-12: 3.1 Devise and demonstrate strategies for efficiently collecting and organizing information from electronic sources. G9-12: 3.2 Compare, evaluate, and select appropriate electronic resources to locate specific information. G9-12: 3.3 Select the most appropriate search engines and directories for specific research tasks. G9-12: 3.4 Search for information within an electronic source (e.g., using the find command). G9-12: 3.5 Explain and demonstrate how specialized technology tools can be used for problem solving, decision making, and creativity in all subject areas (e.g., simulation software, environmental probes, computer-aided design, geographic information systems, dynamic geometric software, graphing calculators, art and music composition software). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 3.6 Use a variety of media to present information for specific purposes (e.g., reports, research papers, presentations, newsletters, Web sites, podcasts, blogs), citing sources. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 3.7 Demonstrate how the use of various techniques and effects (e.g., editing, music, color, rhetorical devices) can be used to convey meaning in media. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 3.8 Use online communication tools to collaborate with peers, community members, and field experts as appropriate (e.g., bulletin boards, discussion forums, listservs, Web conferencing). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">G9-12: 3.9 Plan and implement a collaborative project with students in other classrooms and schools using telecommunications tools (e.g., e-mail, discussion forums, groupware, interactive Web sites, videoconferencing). <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">G9-12: 3.10 Complete at least one online credit or non-credit course or tutorial; discuss the benefits and disadvantages of this method of learning. ||
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Standard 1. **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Standard 2. **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Standard 2. **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Standard 3. **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">** Standard 3. **
 * __Problem Solving__**
 * __Communication__**